A431

The A431 cell line, derived from a solid epidermoid carcinoma tumor in an 85-year-old female patient, is a human tumor cell line with an epithelial morphology, typically growing in clusters. The A-431 cell line is extensively utilized in cancer, toxicity, and immuno-oncology studies, serving as a positive control for epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor expression due to its high receptor density.

Upon binding of EGF to its receptor (EGFR) on the surface of A431 cells, a rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane proteins occurs, triggering a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways include the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are pivotal in regulating cell cycle progression, survival, and proliferation.

EGFR stimulates cell proliferation at low concentrations, whereas at higher concentrations, it inhibits growth and induces terminal differentiation in A431 cells. This dynamic response to EGFR underscores the cell line's utility in exploring cell signaling pathways and the cell cycle in the context of cancer.

A-431 cell-derived xenograft models are used for studying tumor behavior in a live environment and evaluating anticancer therapies. These models help assess how treatments such as EGF supplementation and radiation, affect tumor growth and highlight the cells' sensitivity to radiation.

In summary, the A-431 cell line serves as an invaluable human epidermoid carcinoma cell model, facilitating a deeper understanding of EGFR signaling, tumor biology, and the development of therapeutic interventions aimed at combating epidermoid carcinoma and other related cancers.

37°C, 5% CO₂, humidified atmosphere.

1. Confirm that the vial remains deeply frozen upon delivery, as cells are shipped on dry ice to maintain optimal temperatures during transit.

2. Upon receipt, either store the cryovial immediately at temperatures below -150°C to ensure the preservation of cellular integrity, or proceed to step 3 if immediate culturing is required.

3. For immediate culturing, swiftly thaw the vial by immersing it in a 37°C water bath with clean water and an antimicrobial agent, agitating gently for 40-60 seconds until a small ice clump remains.

4. Perform all subsequent steps under sterile conditions in a flow hood, disinfecting the cryovial with 70% ethanol before opening.

5. Carefully open the disinfected vial and transfer the cell suspension into a 15 ml centrifuge tube containing 8 ml of room-temperature culture medium, mixing gently.

6. Centrifuge the mixture at 300 x g for 3 minutes to separate the cells and carefully discard the supernatant containing residual freezing medium.

7. Gently resuspend the cell pellet in 10 ml of fresh culture medium. For adherent cells, divide the suspension between two T25 culture flasks; for suspension cultures, transfer all the medium into one T25 flask to promote effective cell interaction and growth.

8. Adhere to established subculture protocols for continued growth and maintenance of the cell line, ensuring reliable experimental outcomes.

Mycoplasma contamination is excluded using both PCR-based assays and luminescence-based mycoplasma detection methods.

To ensure there is no bacterial, fungal, or yeast contamination, cell cultures are subjected to daily visual inspections.

For long-term preservation, place vials in vapor-phase liquid nitrogen at about −150 to −196 °C. Storage at −80 °C is acceptable only as a short interim step before transfer to liquid nitrogen.

Cryopreserved cell lines are shipped on dry ice in validated, insulated packaging with sufficient refrigerant to maintain approximately −78 °C throughout transit. On receipt, inspect the container immediately and transfer vials without delay to appropriate storage.

At Cytion, we stand behind the quality and viability of our products. We guarantee that our cells will be viable at the start of culture for 60 days after shipment from our facilities. We assure that all materials conform to the specifications described in the Certificate of Analysis and/or Product Sheet.

For full details, please refer to our Warranty Statement.